QR Code Security: Best Practices for Safe Scanning

As QR codes become ubiquitous, they also become a vector for cyberattacks. "Quishing" (QR code phishing) is on the rise. Because QR codes are designed to be machine-readable, humans cannot visually verify the destination before scanning. This "blind trust" is what attackers exploit.

The Risks: What is Quishing?

Attackers can paste malicious QR codes over legitimate ones (e.g., on parking meters, restaurant menus, or posters). When scanned, these codes lead to fake payment sites, malware downloads, or phishing forms designed to steal credentials.

Since the URL is often obscured or shortened, users may not notice the deception until it's too late. A common tactic is to direct users to a site that looks exactly like a bank login or a Microsoft 365 portal.

For Users: Scan Smart

You don't need to stop using QR codes, but you do need to stop scanning them blindly.

• Inspect the Source: Is the QR code a sticker pasted over a permanent sign? If so, be extremely suspicious. Try to peel it off to see if the original code is underneath.
• Preview the URL: Most modern cameras show a preview of the link before opening it. Read it carefully. Does `pay-pal-secure.com` look right? (Hint: No, the real domain is `paypal.com`). Watch out for misspellings and strange TLDs.
• Avoid "Login" Scans: Be wary of QR codes that immediately ask for login credentials or sensitive info. If you need to log in to a service, navigate to the site manually in your browser.
• Don't Download Apps via QR: If a QR code prompts you to download an APK or install a configuration profile, deny it. Only download apps from the official App Store or Google Play Store.

For Creators: Build Trust

If you are generating QR codes for your business, you have a responsibility to protect your users.

• Use Branded Domains: A QR code leading to `yourbrand.com/menu` is infinitely more trustworthy than a generic shortlink like `bit.ly/3xYz`. It proves ownership.
• Custom Design: Branded QR codes (with colors and logos embedded) are harder for attackers to replicate convincingly than generic black-and-white ones.
• Physical Security: Regularly check your physical QR codes (in stores, on tables) to ensure they haven't been tampered with or covered up.
• Use Dynamic Codes: Dynamic QR codes allow you to change the destination URL without reprinting the code. This is useful if you need to update a link quickly in response to a security issue.

Security is a shared responsibility. By being aware, we can keep this convenient technology safe.